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Career Paths for Biological Scientists

February 11, 2023 · 6 min read

There are many different careers available to biological scientists, and the specific job you pursue may depend on your interests, skills, and the current job market.

The field of biology offers a wide range of job opportunities, including

  1. Biomedical Researcher: Biomedical researchers study the biological processes involved in human health and disease, and use this knowledge to develop treatments and therapies.
  2. Biostatistician: Biostatisticians use statistical methods to analyze data related to biological and medical research, and help design and interpret experiments.
  3. Microbiologist: Microbiologists study microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, and their roles in various fields, including medicine, biotechnology, and environmental science.
  4. Biochemist: Biochemists study the chemical processes within living organisms and use this knowledge to develop treatments for diseases and to improve industrial processes.
  5. Environmental Biologist: Environmental biologists study the impact of human activities on the environment and develop solutions to mitigate these impacts.
  6. Plant Biologist: Plant biologists study the biology and ecology of plants, and use this knowledge to develop new agricultural practices and to understand the impacts of climate change on plants.
  7. Marine Biologist: Marine biologists study the biology and ecology of marine organisms and their interactions with the ocean environment.
  8. Neuroscience Researcher: Neuroscience researchers study the biology of the nervous system and use this knowledge to develop treatments for neurological and psychiatric diseases.
  9. Geneticist: Geneticists study the genetic basis of inherited traits and diseases, and use this knowledge to develop new treatments and therapies.
  10. Science Educator: Science educators, such as teachers or museum guides, help to educate the public about biological science and its applications.
  11. Science Writer: Science writers communicate complex scientific information to a wider audience through writing, whether for popular science magazines, news outlets, or academic journals.
  12. Science Administrator: Science administrators, such as program managers or grant coordinators, help to manage and support scientific research programs and initiatives.

There are many different job opportunities in biology, ranging from laboratory research to science education and communication. The specific job you pursue will depend on your interests, skills, and the current job market.


The job prospects for biological scientists in the USA are generally positive, with demand expected to grow in various fields, including biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and environmental science. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), employment of biological scientists is projected to grow 5% from 2019 to 2029, which is about as fast as the average for all occupations.

There are many factors that may impact the job prospects for biological scientists, including advances in technology, changes in government funding for scientific research, and shifts in demand for certain products and services. Some specific industries that are expected to drive demand for biological scientists include

  1. Biotechnology: The biotechnology industry is rapidly growing, and there is a need for biological scientists with expertise in areas such as genetic engineering, biosensors, and bioprocessing.
  2. Pharmaceuticals: The pharmaceutical industry is also expected to drive demand for biological scientists, as companies work to develop new drugs and treatments.
  3. Environmental Science: The environmental science industry is growing as concern about the impacts of human activities on the environment continues to increase, and there is a need for biological scientists with expertise in areas such as conservation biology, environmental toxicology, and sustainable agriculture.

The job prospects for biological scientists in the USA are positive, and there is expected to be a demand for biological scientists in various fields, including biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and environmental science. However, it is important to keep in mind that specific job prospects may vary depending on the state of the economy, the job market, and other factors.

The type of biological scientist who makes the most money can vary depending on a number of factors, including their level of education, experience, location, and industry. However, on average, biological scientists with advanced degrees and specialized skills tend to earn higher salaries than those with less education and fewer specialized skills.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median annual wage for biological scientists was $82,090 in May 2019. However, salaries for biological scientists can range from under $50,000 to over $140,000, depending on their level of education, experience, and location.


Some biological scientists who tend to earn higher salaries include:

  1. Biomedical Engineers: Biomedical engineers design and develop medical devices and equipment, and typically earn higher salaries than other types of biological scientists.
  2. Medical and Health Services Managers: Medical and health services managers plan, direct, and coordinate medical and health services, and typically earn higher salaries than other types of biological scientists.
  3. Microbiologists: Microbiologists study microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites, and their roles in medicine, biotechnology, and environmental science, and typically earn higher salaries than other types of biological scientists.
  4. Biostatisticians: Biostatisticians use statistical methods to analyze data related to biological and medical research, and typically earn higher salaries than other types of biological scientists.
  5. Biochemists: Biochemists study the chemical processes within living organisms, and typically earn higher salaries than other types of biological scientists.

It's important to note that the specific salary a biological scientist earns will depend on a number of factors, including their level of education, experience, location, and industry. Additionally, salaries can vary significantly depending on the specific company, organization, or government agency that a biological scientist works for.


Whether or not a career as a biological scientist is right for you depends on your individual interests, skills, and goals. Some people are well-suited for a career as a biological scientist, while others may be more interested in other scientific or technical fields.

Here are a few factors to consider when deciding if a career as a biological scientist is right for you:

  1. Scientific Curiosity: If you have a strong interest in science and are curious about how living organisms work, you may be well-suited for a career as a biological scientist.
  2. Attention to Detail: Biological scientists need to be meticulous and have strong attention to detail, as they often work with complex data and perform experiments that require accuracy and precision.
  3. Problem-Solving Skills: Biological scientists often use their knowledge and skills to solve complex problems related to living organisms, so it's important to have strong critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
  4. Education: A career as a biological scientist typically requires at least a bachelor's degree in a biological science, although many biological scientists hold advanced degrees.
  5. Patience and Perseverance: Biological research can be a slow and challenging process, so it's important to have patience and perseverance when working in this field.
  6. Communication Skills: Effective communication is essential for biological scientists, who need to be able to explain their research findings to a variety of audiences, including other scientists, policymakers, and the general public.

If you have a strong interest in science, are detail-oriented, have strong problem-solving skills, and enjoy working in a laboratory setting, a career as a biological scientist might be right for you. However, it's important to research the field thoroughly and talk to professionals in the field to get a better sense of what the job entails.

by Olena Sobolieva

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