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Genetic Counselor: How to Become One?

February 09, 2023 · 7 min read

Anyone who meets the educational and certification requirements can become a genetic counselor. To become a genetic counselor, you typically need to have a master's degree in genetic counseling or a related field, and you must be licensed or certified by a professional organization, such as the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC) or the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).

In terms of personal traits, genetic counselors should have strong communication and interpersonal skills, empathy and compassion, critical thinking abilities, and the ability to work well under pressure. They should also be able to work effectively with people from diverse backgrounds and have a strong commitment to helping others.

It's worth noting that some genetic counseling programs may have additional requirements, such as a minimum GPA, relevant coursework, and/or experience in a healthcare or related field. Therefore, it's important to research the requirements for the specific programs you are interested in and make sure that you meet all of the eligibility criteria before applying.


To become a genetic counselor, you need to follow these steps:

  1. Complete a bachelor's degree: A bachelor's degree in a related field, such as biology, psychology, or genetics, is typically required to enter a genetic counseling graduate program.
  2. Obtain a master's degree in genetic counseling: Most genetic counseling positions require a master's degree in genetic counseling or a related field. This typically takes 2 years to complete and includes coursework in human genetics, counseling, and communication, as well as supervised clinical experience.
  3. Complete an accredited program: Make sure the program you choose is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Genetic Counseling (ACGC) or a similar organization. This ensures that the program meets the high standards for training and education in the field of genetic counseling.
  4. Gain experience through clinical rotations: During your master's program, you will typically complete several clinical rotations in which you will work with patients and healthcare providers to provide genetic counseling services.
  5. Obtain licensure or certification: After you have completed your education and clinical rotations, you will need to pass a certification exam offered by a professional organization, such as the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC) or the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).
  6. Find a job: After obtaining licensure or certification, you can begin your search for a genetic counseling position. Opportunities for genetic counselors can be found in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, research institutions, and private practices.

It's important to note that the specific requirements for becoming a genetic counselor may vary by state or country, so it's important to research the requirements in your area before pursuing a career in this field.

To become a genetic counselor, you need to obtain a master's degree in genetic counseling or a related field. Master's programs in genetic counseling are offered by a number of universities and academic institutions, both in the United States and internationally.


Here are some ways to find genetic counseling programs:

  1. Online search: Conduct an online search using keywords like "genetic counseling programs" or "master's in genetic counseling" to find programs offered by universities and academic institutions.
  2. Professional organizations: Organizations like the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) or the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC) maintain lists of accredited genetic counseling programs.
  3. University websites: You can also check the websites of universities that offer programs in genetics or related fields to see if they offer a master's program in genetic counseling.

It's important to note that not all genetic counseling programs are created equal. When considering a program, make sure it is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Genetic Counseling (ACGC) or a similar organization to ensure that the program meets the high standards for training and education in the field of genetic counseling. Additionally, it's a good idea to research the faculty and curriculum of the programs you are interested in to ensure that they will provide you with the education and experience you need to succeed in your career.


Becoming a genetic counselor typically takes about 2 to 3 years. This includes the time it takes to complete a bachelor's degree, obtain a master's degree in genetic counseling, and complete an accredited genetic counseling program.

Here is a general timeline of the process:

  1. Bachelor's degree: Most genetic counseling programs require applicants to have a bachelor's degree, which typically takes 4 years to complete.
  2. Master's degree: A master's degree in genetic counseling typically takes 2 years to complete and includes coursework in human genetics, counseling, and communication, as well as supervised clinical experience.
  3. Clinical rotations: During the master's program, students typically complete several clinical rotations in which they work with patients and healthcare providers to provide genetic counseling services.
  4. Licensure or certification: After completing the master's program, students must pass a certification exam offered by a professional organization, such as the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC) or the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).

Overall, the process of becoming a genetic counselor can take several years, but it can also lead to a rewarding career helping people understand and manage the genetic aspects of their health.


To become a successful genetic counselor, you need a combination of education, skills, and personal qualities. Some of the key skills and qualities you should have include:

  1. Strong communication skills: Genetic counselors need to be able to explain complex medical information to patients and their families in a way that is easy to understand.
  2. Attention to detail: Genetic counselors need to be meticulous when reviewing medical records and test results to ensure that they are providing accurate information to their patients.
  3. Empathy and compassion: Genetic counselors work with people who are often dealing with difficult or emotional situations, so it's important to have empathy and compassion to help patients through this process.
  4. Problem-solving skills: Genetic counselors need to be able to understand complex medical information and use it to help patients and their families make informed decisions about their health.
  5. Organization and time management: Genetic counselors need to be able to manage a high volume of patients and cases while still giving each patient the attention and care they need.
  6. Adaptability: The field of genetic counseling is rapidly changing, so it's important to be open to new ideas and technologies and be able to adapt to new information and treatments.
  7. Science background: Genetic counselors need to have a strong understanding of genetics, biology, and medical terminology to be able to accurately interpret test results and provide information to patients.

Overall, becoming a genetic counselor requires a combination of education, skills, and personal qualities, but with dedication and hard work, it can lead to a rewarding career helping people understand and manage the genetic aspects of their health.


Becoming a genetic counselor can be a challenging and demanding process, but it can also be very rewarding. Here are some of the factors that may make the process difficult:

  1. Educational requirements: Becoming a genetic counselor requires a significant investment of time and effort in terms of education and training. You need to have a bachelor's degree, and a master's degree in genetic counseling, and complete an accredited genetic counseling program.
  2. Competition: The demand for genetic counselors is growing, but so is the number of people entering the field. This means that there may be competition for positions, especially in certain areas of the country.
  3. Emotional demands: Genetic counselors often work with patients and families who are dealing with difficult or emotional situations, such as a genetic diagnosis or a family history of genetic conditions. This can be emotionally challenging and may require a strong support system.
  4. Adaptability: The field of genetic counseling is rapidly changing, so genetic counselors need to be able to adapt to new information and technologies and keep up with the latest developments in the field.

Overall, becoming a genetic counselor can be challenging, but it can also be a very rewarding and fulfilling career. If you have the education, skills, and personal qualities needed to be successful in this field, and if you're willing to put in the time and effort required, then a career in genetic counseling may be a good fit for you.

by Olena Sobolieva

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